Introduction
In this study we investigated the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the Republic of Ireland using data from the large, population-representative TILDA (The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing) cohort. The aim was to provide accurate prevalence estimates of AMD across different stages in a nationally representative sample.
Why was the research undertaken?
Prior to this study, there was limited reliable data on how widespread AMD was in Ireland. By leveraging the randomly selected, large TILDA sample, we sought to quantify the true burden of AMD in the Irish population, including early and late stages of the disease.
How was the study conducted?
Retinal photographs were taken from 4,859 randomly selected participants aged over 50 years. Each eye was graded for AMD using the internationally accepted International Classification AMD grading system to identify the presence and stage of AMD.
What were the results?
The overall prevalence of AMD in the population over 50 years was 7.2%. Most cases (6.6%) were early-stage AMD, with 0.6% representing late-stage disease. Of the late-stage cases, approximately half (0.3%) were the wet form of AMD, which is the only stage currently treated in Irish ophthalmology clinics.
What is the societal benefit?
This study highlighted that although AMD is common in Ireland, most affected individuals have early-stage disease and are not receiving treatment. The findings underscore the need for policymakers, healthcare providers, and eye care professionals to prioritize preventative strategies and nutritional interventions to address AMD before it progresses to stages requiring medical treatment. This data supports planning for better awareness, screening, and prevention programs nationally.
